Skip to content
Finance Lessons

Bonds & Rates

Final Exam: Bonds & Rates

The graded, locked capstone exam for Bonds & Rates — covering what a bond is, the price-yield seesaw, the yield curve, duration, and convexity, with a 70% pass mark.

15 min Updated Jun 2, 2026

This is the boss fight. Five lessons turned a bond from a black box into a machine you can read — what a bond actually is, the price-yield seesaw, the yield curve, duration, and convexity. Now you find out whether the dials stuck. No charts to lean on, no hints, no take-backs: just you, the arithmetic, and a stack of answer choices where the wrong ones are the exact traps that lose real money. Read every option twice.

Warning:

How this exam works

This is a graded exam. Questions come one at a time. Once you submit an answer it is final — there is no going back, no second try, and a wrong answer simply fails that question. Your score stays hidden until the end, where you need 70% to pass. Read every option twice before you commit.

Question 1 of 25

You buy a corporate bond. What is your relationship to the company?

Select an answer to continue.

Course Recap

One last chunking of the whole topic — five ideas that turn a bond from a black box into a machine whose every dial you can read.

Big picture

Bonds & Rates — the whole topic

  • Reading a bond
    • What a bond is
      • A loan, not ownership — you are a lender
      • Face value repaid at maturity
      • Coupon = fixed % of face, cash never changes
    • Price-yield seesaw
      • Price and yield move opposite ways
      • Current yield = annual coupon / price
      • YTM is the all-in internal rate of return
    • Yield curve
      • Snapshot: one issuer, many maturities
      • Normal = upward; inverted = short above long
      • Inversion precedes recessions — a warning, not a verdict
    • Duration
      • %ΔPrice ≈ −D × Δy (percent per 1% yield)
      • Lower coupon / longer maturity → longer duration
      • Measures interest-rate risk
    • Convexity
      • The curve duration misses: +½ C (Δy)²
      • Always positive — gains bigger, losses smaller
      • Matters most for large yield moves
The five pillars of bonds-and-rates: what a bond is (a loan), the price-yield seesaw, the yield curve (a snapshot by maturity), duration (rate sensitivity), and convexity (the curve in that sensitivity).

Key Takeaways

Success:

What to carry out of this topic

  • A bond is a loan, not a share. You’re a lender owed fixed coupons plus the face value back at maturity. The coupon is a fixed percent of face value, so its cash never changes when the price moves — and you have no ownership upside or vote.
  • Price and yield move opposite ways (the seesaw). Current yield =annual coupon/price= \text{annual coupon} / \text{price}. When rates rise, existing bonds’ prices fall. Coupon rate equals yield only at par, and the all-in yardstick is yield to maturity.
  • The yield curve is a snapshot of one issuer’s bonds across maturities at a single moment — not one bond over time. Normal slopes up; inverted (short above long) is a leading indicator that has preceded recessions but guarantees none.
  • Duration is rate sensitivity: %ΔPriceD×Δy\%\,\Delta\text{Price} \approx -D \times \Delta y, a percent move per 1% yield change (not dollars). Lower coupons and longer maturities mean longer duration — more interest-rate risk.
  • Convexity is the curve duration’s straight line misses: %ΔPriceD×Δy+12C(Δy)2\%\,\Delta\text{Price} \approx -D \times \Delta y + \tfrac{1}{2} C (\Delta y)^2. The square makes it always positive — gains bigger, losses smaller — and it matters most for large yield moves. Duration alone is not exact for big swings.

Mark lesson as complete