Skip to content
Finance Lessons

Polymarket & Prediction Markets

Final Exam: Trading the Crowd

A graded, locked capstone across the whole Polymarket & Prediction Markets course — outcome shares and price-as-probability, USDC/Polygon plumbing, $1 share sets and minting/merging, the CLOB and slippage, UMA optimistic-oracle resolution, calibration and the favorite–longshot bias, binary arbitrage, and Kelly-sized binary bets with their risks.

15 min Updated Jun 7, 2026

This is the trading desk, and the crowd is your counterparty. Five lessons handed you the full prediction-market toolkit — how an outcome share pays 1or1 or 0 so its price reads as a probability, how USDC on Polygon settles the bets and $1 complete sets mint and merge, how a central limit order book fills you and slippage punishes size, how UMA’s optimistic oracle decides what actually happened, how calibration and the favorite–longshot bias reveal where prices lie, and how arbitrage and Kelly sizing turn an edge into a position. Now you trade without a net. No formula sheet, no hints, no second guesses: every answer locks the instant you submit it, and every wrong option is a misconception that has cost a real trader real money. Read all four choices, twice, before you commit.

Warning:

How this exam works

This is a graded exam. Questions arrive one at a time. Once you submit an answer it is final — there is no going back, no second try, and a wrong answer simply fails that question. Your score stays hidden until the very end, where you need 70% to pass. Slow down and read every option before you commit.

Question 1 of 26

A Polymarket YES share on 'Will it rain Saturday?' resolves to the event. What does one YES share pay out at resolution?

Select an answer to continue.

Whatever the score reads, the toolkit you just stress-tested — outcome shares whose price is a probability, the USDC-on-Polygon plumbing and $1 sets you mint and merge, the order book and the slippage it inflicts, the UMA optimistic oracle that decides what happened, the calibration and biases that reveal mispricing, and the arbitrage and Kelly sizing that turn an edge into a position — is exactly what a sharp prediction-market trader watches on every bet. Here is the whole course in one glance.

Big picture

Trading the Crowd

  • Polymarket & Prediction Markets
    • Shares & price-as-probability
      • Outcome share pays $1 on YES, $0 on NO
      • Price = implied probability (30¢ ≈ 30%)
      • EV per share = your probability × $1 − price
      • YES + NO implied probabilities sum to $1
    • Mechanics & the order book
      • USDC on Polygon: a dollar-pegged stablecoin
      • Complete set = 1 YES + 1 NO = $1; mint vs merge
      • CLOB matches orders; AMM quotes from a pool
      • Bid/ask/spread/mid; slippage walks the book
    • Resolution & the UMA oracle
      • Resolution problem: the chain cannot know real facts
      • Optimistic oracle: assume true unless disputed
      • Propose+bond → liveness → settle or DVM vote
      • Bonds punish lies; read the rules (ambiguity risk)
    • Edge: calibration & arbitrage
      • Calibration: 30¢ events happen ~30% of the time
      • Favorite–longshot bias: longshots over, favorites under
      • Pair < $1 → buy & redeem; pair > $1 → mint & sell
      • Fees/depth kill thin arbs; arb enforces price = probability
    • Sizing & risks
      • Edge = your Bayesian probability vs the price
      • Binary Kelly f* = (p − c)/(1 − c)
      • Fractional Kelly: p is an estimate, edges are small
      • Oracle, illiquidity, correlation & regulatory/USDC risk

Mark lesson as complete